Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
인하대학교 고분자공학과 및 고분자환경융합공학전공
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We developed hydrogel polymer electrolytes for use in aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Aqueous zinc batteries face challenges related to dendrite formation and corrosion at the zinc metal anode, primarily stemming from the strong interaction between zinc ions and water molecules. To address this, we designed hydrogel polymer electrolytes, composed of acrylamide (AM) and zwitterion, such as vinyl imidazole propane sulfonate (VIPS), as monomers, vinyl silica nanoparticles (VSN) as cross-linkers, and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and lithium chloride (LiCl) as salts, through UV polymerization. The resulting hydrogel polymer electrolyte [P(AM-co-IPS)-ZnSO4/LiCl] exhibited high ionic conductivity (σDC = 3.5 × 10-2 S/cm) and remarkable flexibility (elongation at break = 321%) at 298 K. The addition of zwitterion and lithium chloride stabilized the solvation structure of zinc salts, leading to a reduction in melting points (from -25.4 to -33.3 ℃), hydrogen evolution potential (HER, -52 mV), and corrosion current (1840 µA). The zinc symmetric cell demonstrated that our electrolyte not only showed a high zinc ion transference number (tZn2+ = 0.7), but also maintained stable cell operation for over 400 hours, due to the effective ion transport channels facilitated by zwitterions.
본 연구에서는 아연이온과 물 분자간 강한 상호작용으로 인한 덴드라이트 및 음극 부식 문제를 해결하기 위해 양쪽성 이온이 포함된 하이드로겔 고분자 전해질을 제작하였다. 이를 위해 acryl amide(AM)와 양쪽성 이온인 vinyl imidazole propane sulfonate(VIPS)를 단량체로, vinyl silica nanoparticle(VSN)을 가교제로, 그리고 ZnSO4와 LiCl을 전해질 염으로 하여 UV 가교를 통해 고상형 전해질을 중합하였다. 하이드로겔 고분자 전해질[P(AM-co-IPS)-ZnSO4/LiCl]은 높은 상온 이온 전도도(σDC = 3.5 × 10-2 S/cm)를 나타내었다. 또한 양쪽성 이온과 LiCl의 첨가로 아연의 용매화 구조가 안정화되어 낮은 어는점(Tm = -33.3 ℃) 뿐만 아니라, 수소 발생 전위(HER, -52 mV) 및 부식 전류 (1840 μA) 또한 감소함을 확인했다. 결과적으로 400시간 이상 안정적으로 구동하는 셀을 제작하여 추후 수계아연전지로의 적용이 기대된다.
Keywords: aqueous zinc-ion battery, zwitterion, hydrogel polymer electrolyte, ionic conductivity.
2024; 48(6): 639-648
Published online Nov 25, 2024
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea