
Hong Liu*,# , Hui Xu*,# , Yukun Zhou*, and Chuansheng Wang*, **,† 
*College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
**National Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Tire Equipment and Key Materials, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
Reproduction, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form of any part of this publication is permitted only by written permission from the Polymer Society of Korea.
This Article2025; 49(6): 799-809
Published online Nov 25, 2025
Correspondence to*College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
**National Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Tire Equipment and Key Materials, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, China